[*] is not the usual format for a Word citation, but assuming the * is a wildcard character, the following macro will look for text in that format (superscripted) in the document and write the sentence that contains it to an Excel workbook, which it will create if not present. If you want it to create the folder also, investigate the CreateFolders function from my web site VBA examples. Change the path and workbookname as appropriate.
Option Explicit
Sub ExtractSentences()
Dim oRng As Range
Dim xlApp As Object
Dim xlBook As Object
Dim NextRow As Long
Const strWorkbookname As String = "C:\Path\WorkbookName.xlsx" 'The folder must exist
On Error Resume Next
Set xlApp = GetObject(, "Excel.Application")
If Err Then
Set xlApp = CreateObject("Excel.Application")
End If
On Error GoTo 0
If FileExists(strWorkbookname) Then
Set xlBook = xlApp.workbooks.Open(Filename:=strWorkbookname)
Else
Set xlBook = xlApp.workbooks.Add
xlBook.Sheets(1).Cells(1, 1).Value = "Extracted Sentences"
xlBook.SaveAs strWorkbookname
End If
xlApp.Visible = True
Set oRng = ActiveDocument.Range
With oRng.Find
.Font.Superscript = True
Do While .Execute(FindText:="\[*\]", MatchWildcards:=True)
NextRow = xlBook.Sheets(1).Range("A" & xlBook.Sheets(1).Rows.Count).End(-4162).Row + 1
oRng.Expand wdSentence
xlBook.Sheets(1).Cells(NextRow, 1).Value = Trim(oRng.Text)
xlBook.Save
oRng.Collapse 0
Loop
End With
lbl_Exit:
Set oRng = Nothing
Set xlApp = Nothing
Set xlBook = Nothing
Exit Sub
End Sub
Private Function FileExists(strFullName As String) As Boolean
'Graham Mayor
'strFullName is the name with path of the file to check
Dim fso As Object
Set fso = CreateObject("Scripting.FileSystemObject")
If fso.FileExists(strFullName) Then
FileExists = True
Else
FileExists = False
End If
lbl_Exit:
Exit Function
End Function