Here's what I tried:
Set r = ActiveSheet.Cells(1, 1).CurrentRegion r.AutoFilter
r.AutoFilter Field:=1, Criteria1:="=1"
r.AutoFilter Field:=16, Criteria1:=F_2, Operator:=xlOr
The first filter I just set to "1" as a test; it worked. On the second autofilter, I needed to use a named range for the second filter ("12-200-2", etc.) because there's over 200 criteria so typing them individually didn't make sense. The named range, "F_2", includes the label which matches the label in Column P (i.e. 16). and this filters out everything.
Addendum: The second method (and also using "Advanced Filter" in the "Formulas" tab worked by creating a monster criteria table of all the CAS numbers for each Client Name which ends up being almost as long as the data.
thx