I cannot test this without the source material, but something along the lines of the following should help point the way.

Sub Macro1()
Dim olMeeting As Object
Dim olInsp As Outlook.Inspector
Dim wdDoc As Object
Dim oLink As Object
Dim strAddress As String

    On Error Resume Next
    Select Case Outlook.Application.ActiveWindow.Class
        Case olInspector
            Set olMeeting = ActiveInspector.currentItem
        Case olExplorer
            Set olMeeting = Application.ActiveExplorer.Selection.Item(1)
    End Select

    If TypeName(olMeeting) = " MeetingItem" Then
        With olMeeting
            Set olInsp = .GetInspector
            Set wdDoc = olInsp.WordEditor
            For Each oLink In wdDoc.Range.hyperlinks
                strAddress = oLink.Address
                If LCase(strAddress) = "https://teams.microsoft.com/blablabla" Then
                    strAddress = "mteams://teams.microsoft.com/BlaBlaBla"
                    'MsgBox strAddress
                    oLink.Address = strAddress
                    oLink.TextToDisplay = strAddress    'or whatever
                End If
            Next oLink
            olMeeting.Save
        End With
    End If
lbl_Exit:
    Set olMeeting = Nothing
    Set olInsp = Nothing
    Set wdDoc = Nothing
    Set oLink = Nothing
    Exit Sub
End Sub