Hmmm... I have now found where I went wrong. I had changed the .select to .activate because I'm trying not to use .select. My discussion points arose from the following example code

Sub ReferencesDemo()
' Demonstrate how to reference objects using Dot operator "."
' to navigate down the Excel Object Hierarchy


'1: Fully qualified reference
    Application.Workbooks("Module 4 Lesson 2 Excel Object Model References.xlsm"). _
        Worksheets("Hierarchy").Range("B18").Select
   
 '2: Alternative with "ThisWorkbook"
 '   "ThisWorkbook" always returns the workbook
    '   in which the code is running (this one)
    Application.ThisWorkbook.Worksheets("Hierarchy").Range("C18").Select


'3: Partially qualified reference v1
    '   The application object is always assumed to be Excel
    Workbooks("Module 4 Lesson 2 Excel Object Model References.xlsm").Worksheets("Hierarchy").Range("D18").Select
    
'4: Partially qualified reference v2
    '   If we know that "M4L2-Excel-Object-Model-References.xlsm" is the active workbook we can omit that reference
    Worksheets("Hierarchy").Range("E18").Select
    
'5: Partially qualified reference v3
    '   If we know that "Hierarchy" is the active worksheet then ... you guessed it ... we can omit that reference
    Range("F18").Select
End Sub
I changed the Names of the Workbook and Worksheet to obscure the initial reference but this should not matter.

@Aflatoon is it still your opinion that Partial Qualification 2 is invalid?